Hookah/shisha Health Effects?

[Fachh]

Hey guys

Another newb question

Obviously smoking is bad yada yada but what are the effects of shisha? How are they compared to smoking cigarettes? is it true there is almost no tar/nicotine?
Are there healthier brands of shisha tobacco and if so where do I get them?

Thanks again everyone

[Akkbar]

this is not a simple question.

i believe the general concensus is that while there have been studies done on the effects of smoking a hookah, they are sketchy at best. i believe the people doing the testing arent testing it under typical hookah smoking conditions, and therefore i put little faith in the results.

[Øskorei]

But think of all the great vitamins you're getting from the fruit, thats what I'll be convincing myself when I cruise down for a bubbly on Saturday night

[Jamal]

I like to think i'm breathing in steam, and since when has steam bin damaging.

[ezie]

Some say hookah its worst but there's no hard evidence and not much study is done about hookah. But to me smoking is not good for your health and this include hookah. Just don't overuse your hookah like having 12 sessions a day thats just suicide if you ask me. You can have a long sessions like 2 times a week. Thats just my routine. Anyhow welcome to the forum and have a nice stay here peace have a nice day Edited June 7, 2007 by ezie

[mgcsinc]

i believe the people doing the testing arent testing it under typical hookah smoking conditions, and therefore i put little faith in the results.

There are plenty of other reasons not to accept conclusions about Hookah smoking and health at face value, but at this point there are a number of studies that have tested smoking under conditions that are standard for the region in which the study took place. In some cases, this has been equivalent to the way we (generally) smoke hookah in the US.

See: http://www.hookahforum.com/An-Actual-Scien...-Use-t8315.html (you wouldn't even have had to use search, lol, it was at the bottom of the current page full of threads )

Sometimes the disregard for science here is a little disturbing to me. Scientists spend years designing studies, running them, and writing intricate descriptions of the designs in peer-reviewed articles; yet people here are often ready to reject their methods as flawed without ever bothering to read the carefully-written material that describes those methods.

is it true there is almost no tar/nicotine? Are there healthier brands of shisha tobacco and if so where do I get them?

No, and not really. For everyone who has responded to a thread about health issues with the standard-form response "well, everyone knows it's dangerous and of course everyone knows there's nicotine," here's a great example of what the rumor mill about hookah has done to misinform people. Hookah smoking is a form of nicotine delivery - that's just true. The levels of nicotine in the blood after smoking your standard-fare unwashed Maassel are higher than those reached after smoking two cigarettes. What that means in terms of addictive potential is not clear - nicotine is a drug with extremely complicated effects relative to other drugs of addiction.

The issue of 'tar' is under slightly more debate. There are two conceptions of tobacco 'tar' - the scientific one and the lay-person one. The scientific definition of 'tar' is how the concept was (I believe) originally defined. For scientists, 'tar' is just a word to described NFDPM - nicotine-free dry particulate matter. That is, all the crap that can be filtered out of the smoke, with nicotine removed. The lay definition of 'tar' is much more vague, and often includes some requirement that to qualify as 'tar' a substance must (a.) be gross looking, (b.) be added by humans, and (c.) be obviously dangerous to your health. Which definition is more relevant to the question of health effects? The scientific one, without any doubt. The especially-common misconception that a substance must be added by the manufacturing process in order for it to be dangerous is exactly that - a misconception.

Under the scientific definition, hookah contains a lot of 'tar'. See the other thread for a comparison with cigarettes. Whether this 'tar' is, gram for gram, as dangerous as cigarette 'tar' is an open question, though it probably is not.

As for the question of whether there is a safer hookah tobacco, I'd say no. However, that's only if you believe - as I do - that nicotine in hookah tobacco does not constitute a health threat. There are tobaccos with less nicotine, and 'herbal' shisha has no nicotine, but again, I don't see a reduction in nicotine as being a substantial health benefit. Incidentally, there is no evidence that I know of to suggest that 'herbal' shisha is any less dangerous in terms of actual health effects than tobacco.

[insidius]

I have noticed on this forum that any time this topic is brought up, it's pretty much wished away by the replying posters. Their stance is 'no supporting evidence,' but truly, it just sounds like most of them just don't want to believe something so good can be so bad for you. A lot of it just sounds like straight up denial.

So if you're looking for actual unbiased information, this is not the place to ask in my experience. Although the above poster seems to share this sentiment with me.

[Tati]

I dont know much about this and the research and whatnot, but on all of my boxes/tins of shisha, there is a warning about lung cancer or something like that...

Also, I found this on http://www.wikihow.com/Make-the-Best-Hooka...easurable-Smoke

"Although a 45 minute hookah session is roughly equivalent to 2.5 cigarettes in terms of tar and nicotine, the point here is that a hookah lasts 45 minutes, whereas a cigarette usually doesn't last for more than 5; you do the math."

[ghostofdavid]

It is bad for you. But probably not as bad as crack or heroin. Maybe!

Your teeth will darken. Your lungs will become weak. You will look older than you are.

But you'll have fun doing it.

[Akkbar]

I think everyone knows that hookah is bad for you. Personally, I don't care that much.

And while I agree that there are people studying these things very thoroughly, and they (scientists) do come up with mind bogglingly amazing facts and truths, keep in mind that scientists once said the earth was flat, the earth was the center of the universe, and radio waves and microwaves hold no practical application whatsoever.

[mgcsinc]

I think everyone knows that hookah is bad for you. Personally, I don't care that much.

And while I agree that there are people studying these things very thoroughly, and they (scientists) do come up with mind bogglingly amazing facts and truths, keep in mind that scientists once said the earth was flat, the earth was the center of the universe, and radio waves and microwaves hold no practical application whatsoever.

Two things:

1. Everyone does not know hookah is bad for you. Otherwise, there wouldn't be so many threads asking about it. See above. This response is a pet peeve of mine, and for good reason.

2. The world-is-flat argument is made every time anyone doesn't want to accept the current thinking about something. The idea of Shisha being dangerous is new - it represents progress. That wasn't the case with the idea of the world being flat - the story doesn't go: everyone thought the world was round, and then the evil scientists came and told them it was flat, and then eventually everyone realized it was round again.

[anathema]

smoking cigarettes become a habit
smoking shisha becomes a hobby

i hookah twice a week or so. people smoke cigarettes by the packs. i'm not really worried.
so we will become the generation to be the guinea pigs to be studied from, those who hookah occasionally to the ones who do it often. people just need data to have conclusions. Edited June 7, 2007 by anathema

[dcrooksjr]

I have a simple question why am I not addicted to my hookah? Fact is and I'll try to find it on the web again to prove it is that hookah tobacco is in an unprocessed almost natural state. Hookah tobacco contains natural nicotine.
They pick the tobacco
Add molasses
Add flavor and glycerine.
With cigerettes they take the tobacco put it in a giant vat along with tobacco from out of date cigs and pump in up to 1,500 chemicals many of witch are not public knowledge. I have the beleif that they also add extra synthetic nicotine into the tobacoo to make cigarettes addictive on purpose. There is on average 250mg of nicotine in one cigarette depending on brand. My 250g can on Pharoah's cherry says 0.5% nicotine, now I don't know if that is per gram or for the whole can but what I do know it is less than one cigarette.
I love my hookah and my cigars I hate cigarettes and think they should be outlawed. Hookah while yes it still is tobacco its almost 90% natural, from the field to you.

Remember moderation is the absolute key.

Enjoy

[teox]

actually the op did say he obviously knows smoking is bad. the question most people ask is "how bad?"

youd have to be really dense or in extreme denial to think that hookah isnt bad.

[anathema]

another factor why you dont' feel as much of an addiction is that a hookah takes time to set up and takes time to smoke.
cigarettes on the other hand are easy to store, easy to light, easy to finish, and there's no cleanup. it's harder to find a spare two hours to smoke shisha than three minutes to smoke a cigarette.

i've heard friends say it's not bad since the tar and bad stuff clings to the water, all the heavier stuff, and the smoke is cooled and inhaled. reading some of those charts (http://webfea-lb.fea.aub.edu.lb/aerosol/downloads/argilehpaper1.pdf) i noticed how other malicious substances are more than cigarettes and others less. but i don't see a lucid overall conclusion.

[mcknight]

I have a simple question why am I not addicted to my hookah? Fact is and I'll try to find it on the web again to prove it is that hookah tobacco is in an unprocessed almost natural state. Hookah tobacco contains natural nicotine.
They pick the tobacco
Add molasses
Add flavor and glycerine.
With cigerettes they take the tobacco put it in a giant vat along with tobacco from out of date cigs and pump in up to 1,500 chemicals many of witch are not public knowledge. I have the beleif that they also add extra synthetic nicotine into the tobacoo to make cigarettes addictive on purpose. There is on average 250mg of nicotine in one cigarette depending on brand. My 250g can on Pharoah's cherry says 0.5% nicotine, now I don't know if that is per gram or for the whole can but what I do know it is less than one cigarette.
I love my hookah and my cigars I hate cigarettes and think they should be outlawed. Hookah while yes it still is tobacco its almost 90% natural, from the field to you.

Remember moderation is the absolute key.

Enjoy

My thoughts exactly

[dcrooksjr]

THE LIST: Of cigarette additives. Here are 599 additives. Useage of ingredients depends on brand.

• Acetanisole
• Acetic Acid
• Acetoin
• Acetophenone
• 6-Acetoxydihydrotheaspirane
• 2-Acetyl-3- Ethylpyrazine
• 2-Acetyl-5-Methylfuran
• Acetylpyrazine
• 2-Acetylpyridine
• 3-Acetylpyridine
• 2-Acetylthiazole
• Aconitic Acid
• dl-Alanine
• Alfalfa Extract
• Allspice Extract,Oleoresin, and Oil
• Allyl Hexanoate
• Allyl Ionone
• Almond Bitter Oil
• Ambergris Tincture
• Ammonia
• Ammonium Bicarbonate
• Ammonium Hydroxide
• Ammonium Phosphate Dibasic
• Ammonium Sulfide
• Amyl Alcohol
• Amyl Butyrate
• Amyl Formate
• Amyl Octanoate
• alpha-Amylcinnamaldehyde
• Amyris Oil
• trans-Anethole
• Angelica Root Extract, Oil and Seed Oil
• Anise
• Anise Star, Extract and Oils
• Anisyl Acetate
• Anisyl Alcohol
• Anisyl Formate
• Anisyl Phenylacetate
• Apple Juice Concentrate, Extract, and Skins
• Apricot Extract and Juice Concentrate
• 1-Arginine
• Asafetida Fluid Extract And Oil
• Ascorbic Acid
• 1-Asparagine Monohydrate
• 1-Aspartic Acid
• Balsam Peru and Oil
• Basil Oil
• Bay Leaf, Oil and Sweet Oil
• Beeswax White
• Beet Juice Concentrate
• Benzaldehyde
• Benzaldehyde Glyceryl Acetal
• Benzoic Acid, Benzoin
• Benzoin Resin
• Benzophenone
• Benzyl Alcohol
• Benzyl Benzoate
• Benzyl Butyrate
• Benzyl Cinnamate
• Benzyl Propionate
• Benzyl Salicylate
• Bergamot Oil
• Bisabolene
• Black Currant Buds Absolute
• Borneol
• Bornyl Acetate
• Buchu Leaf Oil
• 1,3-Butanediol
• 2,3-Butanedione
• 1-Butanol
• 2-Butanone
• 4(2-Butenylidene)-3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-1-One
• Butter, Butter Esters, and Butter Oil
• Butyl Acetate
• Butyl Butyrate
• Butyl Butyryl Lactate
• Butyl Isovalerate
• Butyl Phenylacetate
• Butyl Undecylenate
• 3-Butylidenephthalide
• Butyric Acid]
• Cadinene
• Caffeine
• Calcium Carbonate
• Camphene
• Cananga Oil
• Capsicum Oleoresin
• Caramel Color
• Caraway Oil
• Carbon Dioxide
• Cardamom Oleoresin, Extract, Seed Oil, and Powder
• Carob Bean and Extract
• beta-Carotene
• Carrot Oil
• Carvacrol
• 4-Carvomenthenol
• 1-Carvone
• beta-Caryophyllene
• beta-Caryophyllene Oxide
• Cascarilla Oil and Bark Extract
• Cassia Bark Oil
• Cassie Absolute and Oil
• Castoreum Extract, Tincture and Absolute
• Cedar Leaf Oil
• Cedarwood Oil Terpenes and Virginiana
• Cedrol
• Celery Seed Extract, Solid, Oil, And Oleoresin
• Cellulose Fiber
• Chamomile Flower Oil And Extract
• Chicory Extract
• Chocolate
• Cinnamaldehyde
• Cinnamic Acid
• Cinnamon Leaf Oil, Bark Oil, and Extract
• Cinnamyl Acetate
• Cinnamyl Alcohol
• Cinnamyl Cinnamate
• Cinnamyl Isovalerate
• Cinnamyl Propionate
• Citral
• Citric Acid
• Citronella Oil
• dl-Citronellol
• Citronellyl Butyrate
• itronellyl Isobutyrate
• Civet Absolute
• Clary Oil
• Clover Tops, Red Solid Extract
• Cocoa
• Cocoa Shells, Extract, Distillate And Powder
• Coconut Oil
• Coffee
• Cognac White and Green Oil
• Copaiba Oil
• Coriander Extract and Oil
• Corn Oil
• Corn Silk
• Costus Root Oil
• Cubeb Oil
• Cuminaldehyde
• para-Cymene
• 1-Cysteine
• Dandelion Root Solid Extract
• Davana Oil
• 2-trans, 4-trans-Decadienal
• delta-Decalactone
• gamma-Decalactone
• Decanal
• Decanoic Acid
• 1-Decanol
• 2-Decenal
• Dehydromenthofurolactone
• Diethyl Malonate
• Diethyl Sebacate
• 2,3-Diethylpyrazine
• Dihydro Anethole
• 5,7-Dihydro-2-Methylthieno(3,4-D) Pyrimidine
• Dill Seed Oil and Extract
• meta-Dimethoxybenzene
• para-Dimethoxybenzene
• 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol
• Dimethyl Succinate
• 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2 Cyclopentanedione
• 3,5- Dimethyl-1,2-Cyclopentanedione
• 3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-Octatriene
• 4,5-Dimethyl-3-Hydroxy-2,5-Dihydrofuran-2-One
• 6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-Undecadien-2-One
• 3,7-Dimethyl-6-Octenoic Acid
• 2,4 Dimethylacetophenone
• alpha,para-Dimethylbenzyl Alcohol
• alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl Acetate
• alpha,alpha Dimethylphenethyl Butyrate
• 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
• 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine
• 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine
• Dimethyltetrahydrobenzofuranone
• delta-Dodecalactone
• gamma-Dodecalactone
• para-Ethoxybenzaldehyde
• Ethyl 10-Undecenoate
• Ethyl 2-Methylbutyrate
• Ethyl Acetate
• Ethyl Acetoacetate
• Ethyl Alcohol
• Ethyl Benzoate
• Ethyl Butyrate
• Ethyl Cinnamate
• Ethyl Decanoate
• Ethyl Fenchol
• Ethyl Furoate
• Ethyl Heptanoate
• Ethyl Hexanoate
• Ethyl Isovalerate
• Ethyl Lactate
• Ethyl Laurate
• Ethyl Levulinate
• Ethyl Maltol
• Ethyl Methyl Phenylglycidate
• Ethyl Myristate
• Ethyl Nonanoate
• Ethyl Octadecanoate
• Ethyl Octanoate
• Ethyl Oleate
• Ethyl Palmitate
• Ethyl Phenylacetate
• Ethyl Propionate
• Ethyl Salicylate
• Ethyl trans-2-Butenoate
• Ethyl Valerate
• Ethyl Vanillin
• 2-Ethyl (or Methyl)-(3,5 and 6)-Methoxypyrazine
• 2-Ethyl-1-Hexanol, 3-Ethyl -2 -Hydroxy-2-Cyclopenten-1-One
• 2-Ethyl-3, (5 or 6)-Dimethylpyrazine
• 5-Ethyl-3-Hydroxy-4-Methyl-2(5H)-Furanone
• 2-Ethyl-3-Methylpyrazine
• 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde
• 4-Ethylguaiacol
• para-Ethylphenol
• 3-Ethylpyridine
• Eucalyptol
• Farnesol
• D-Fenchone
• Fennel Sweet Oil
• Fenugreek, Extract, Resin, and Absolute
• Fig Juice Concentrate
• Food Starch Modified
• Furfuryl Mercaptan
• 4-(2-Furyl)-3-Buten-2-One
• Galbanum Oil
• Genet Absolute
• Gentian Root Extract
• Geraniol
• Geranium Rose Oil
• Geranyl Acetate
• Geranyl Butyrate
• Geranyl Formate
• Geranyl Isovalerate
• Geranyl Phenylacetate
• Ginger Oil and Oleoresin
• 1-Glutamic Acid
• 1-Glutamine
• Glycerol
• Glycyrrhizin Ammoniated
• Grape Juice Concentrate
• Guaiac Wood Oil
• Guaiacol
• Guar Gum
• 2,4-Heptadienal
• gamma-Heptalactone
• Heptanoic Acid
• 2-Heptanone
• 3-Hepten-2-One
• 2-Hepten-4-One
• 4-Heptenal
• trans -2-Heptenal
• Heptyl Acetate
• omega-6-Hexadecenlactone
• gamma-Hexalactone
• Hexanal
• Hexanoic Acid
• 2-Hexen-1-Ol
• 3-Hexen-1-Ol
• cis-3-Hexen-1-Yl Acetate
• 2-Hexenal
• 3-Hexenoic Acid
• trans-2-Hexenoic Acid
• cis-3-Hexenyl Formate
• Hexyl 2-Methylbutyrate
• Hexyl Acetate
• Hexyl Alcohol
• Hexyl Phenylacetate
• 1-Histidine
• Honey
• Hops Oil
• Hydrolyzed Milk Solids
• Hydrolyzed Plant Proteins
• 5-Hydroxy-2,4-Decadienoic Acid delta- Lactone
• 4-Hydroxy-2,5-Dimethyl-3(2H)-Furanone
• 2-Hydroxy-3,5,5-Trimethyl-2-Cyclohexen-1-One
• 4-Hydroxy -3-Pentenoic Acid Lactone
• 2-Hydroxy-4-Methylbenzaldehyde
• 4-Hydroxybutanoic Acid Lactone
• Hydroxycitronellal
• 6-Hydroxydihydrotheaspirane
• 4-(para-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-Butanone
• Hyssop Oil
• Immortelle Absolute and Extract
• alpha-Ionone
• beta-Ionone
• alpha-Irone
• Isoamyl Acetate
• Isoamyl Benzoate
• Isoamyl Butyrate
• Isoamyl Cinnamate
• Isoamyl Formate, Isoamyl Hexanoate
• Isoamyl Isovalerate
• Isoamyl Octanoate
• Isoamyl Phenylacetate
• Isobornyl Acetate
• Isobutyl Acetate
• Isobutyl Alcohol
• Isobutyl Cinnamate
• Isobutyl Phenylacetate
• Isobutyl Salicylate
• 2-Isobutyl-3-Methoxypyrazine
• alpha-Isobutylphenethyl Alcohol
• Isobutyraldehyde
• Isobutyric Acid
• d,l-Isoleucine
• alpha-Isomethylionone
• 2-Isopropylphenol
• Isovaleric Acid
• Jasmine Absolute, Concrete and Oil
• Kola Nut Extract
• Labdanum Absolute and Oleoresin
• Lactic Acid
• Lauric Acid
• Lauric Aldehyde
• Lavandin Oil
• Lavender Oil
• Lemon Oil and Extract
• Lemongrass Oil
• 1-Leucine
• Levulinic Acid
• Licorice Root, Fluid, Extract and Powder
• Lime Oil
• Linalool
• Linalool Oxide
• Linalyl Acetate
• Linden Flowers
• Lovage Oil And Extract
• 1-Lysine]
• Mace Powder, Extract and Oil
• Magnesium Carbonate
• Malic Acid
• Malt and Malt Extract
• Maltodextrin
• Maltol
• Maltyl Isobutyrate
• Mandarin Oil
• Maple Syrup and Concentrate
• Mate Leaf, Absolute and Oil
• para-Mentha-8-Thiol-3-One
• Menthol
• Menthone
• Menthyl Acetate
• dl-Methionine
• Methoprene
• 2-Methoxy-4-Methylphenol
• 2-Methoxy-4-Vinylphenol
• para-Methoxybenzaldehyde
• 1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-1-Penten-3-One
• 4-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-Butanone
• 1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-Propanone
• Methoxypyrazine
• Methyl 2-Furoate
• Methyl 2-Octynoate
• Methyl 2-Pyrrolyl Ketone
• Methyl Anisate
• Methyl Anthranilate
• Methyl Benzoate
• Methyl Cinnamate
• Methyl Dihydrojasmonate
• Methyl Ester of Rosin, Partially Hydrogenated
• Methyl Isovalerate
• Methyl Linoleate (48%)
• Methyl Linolenate (52%) Mixture
• Methyl Naphthyl Ketone
• Methyl Nicotinate
• Methyl Phenylacetate
• Methyl Salicylate
• Methyl Sulfide
• 3-Methyl-1-Cyclopentadecanone
• 4-Methyl-1-Phenyl-2-Pentanone
• 5-Methyl-2-Phenyl-2-Hexenal
• 5-Methyl-2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde
• 6-Methyl-3,-5-Heptadien-2-One
• 2-Methyl-3-(para-Isopropylphenyl) Propionaldehyde
• 5-Methyl-3-Hexen-2-One
• 1-Methyl-3Methoxy-4-Isopropylbenzene
• 4-Methyl-3-Pentene-2-One
• 2-Methyl-4-Phenylbutyraldehyde
• 6-Methyl-5-Hepten-2-One
• 4-Methyl-5-Thiazoleethanol
• 4-Methyl-5-Vinylthiazole
• Methyl-alpha-Ionone
• Methyl-trans-2-Butenoic Acid
• 4-Methylacetophenone
• para-Methylanisole
• alpha-Methylbenzyl Acetate
• alpha-Methylbenzyl Alcohol
• 2-Methylbutyraldehyde
• 3-Methylbutyraldehyde
• 2-Methylbutyric Acid
• alpha-Methylcinnamaldehyde
• Methylcyclopentenolone
• 2-Methylheptanoic Acid
• 2-Methylhexanoic Acid
• 3-Methylpentanoic Acid
• 4-Methylpentanoic Acid
• 2-Methylpyrazine
• 5-Methylquinoxaline
• 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran-3-One
• (Methylthio)Methylpyrazine (Mixture Of Isomers)
• 3-Methylthiopropionaldehyde
• Methyl 3-Methylthiopropionate
• 2-Methylvaleric Acid
• Mimosa Absolute and Extract
• Molasses Extract and Tincture
• Mountain Maple Solid Extract
• Mullein Flowers
• Myristaldehyde
• Myristic Acid
• Myrrh Oil
• beta-Napthyl Ethyl Ether
• Nerol
• Neroli Bigarde Oil
• Nerolidol
• Nona-2-trans,6-cis-Dienal
• 2,6-Nonadien-1-Ol
• gamma-Nonalactone
• Nonanal
• Nonanoic Acid
• Nonanone
• trans-2-Nonen-1-Ol
• 2-Nonenal
• Nonyl Acetate
• Nutmeg Powder and Oil
• Oak Chips Extract and Oil
• Oak Moss Absolute
• 9,12-Octadecadienoic Acid (48%) And 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic Acid (52%)
• delta-Octalactone
• gamma-Octalactone
• Octanal
• Octanoic Acid
• 1-Octanol
• 2-Octanone
• 3-Octen-2-One
• 1-Octen-3-Ol
• 1-Octen-3-Yl Acetate
• 2-Octenal
• Octyl Isobutyrate
• Oleic Acid
• Olibanum Oil
• Opoponax Oil And Gum
• Orange Blossoms Water, Absolute, and Leaf Absolute
• Orange Oil and Extract
• Origanum Oil
• Orris Concrete Oil and Root Extract
• Palmarosa Oil
• Palmitic Acid
• Parsley Seed Oil
• Patchouli Oil
• omega-Pentadecalactone
• 2,3-Pentanedione
• 2-Pentanone
• 4-Pentenoic Acid
• 2-Pentylpyridine
• Pepper Oil, Black And White
• Peppermint Oil
• Peruvian (Bois De Rose) Oil
• Petitgrain Absolute, Mandarin Oil and Terpeneless Oil
• alpha-Phellandrene
• 2-Phenenthyl Acetate
• Phenenthyl Alcohol
• Phenethyl Butyrate
• Phenethyl Cinnamate
• Phenethyl Isobutyrate
• Phenethyl Isovalerate
• Phenethyl Phenylacetate
• Phenethyl Salicylate
• 1-Phenyl-1-Propanol
• 3-Phenyl-1-Propanol
• 2-Phenyl-2-Butenal
• 4-Phenyl-3-Buten-2-Ol
• 4-Phenyl-3-Buten-2-One
• Phenylacetaldehyde
• Phenylacetic Acid
• 1-Phenylalanine
• 3-Phenylpropionaldehyde
• 3-Phenylpropionic Acid
• 3-Phenylpropyl Acetate
• 3-Phenylpropyl Cinnamate
• 2-(3-Phenylpropyl)Tetrahydrofuran
• Phosphoric Acid
• Pimenta Leaf Oil
• Pine Needle Oil, Pine Oil, Scotch
• Pineapple Juice Concentrate
• alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene
• D-Piperitone
• Piperonal
• Pipsissewa Leaf Extract
• Plum Juice
• Potassium Sorbate
• 1-Proline
• Propenylguaethol
• Propionic Acid
• Propyl Acetate
• Propyl para-Hydroxybenzoate
• Propylene Glycol
• 3-Propylidenephthalide
• Prune Juice and Concentrate
• Pyridine
• Pyroligneous Acid And Extract
• Pyrrole
• Pyruvic Acid
• Raisin Juice Concentrate
• Rhodinol
• Rose Absolute and Oil
• Rosemary Oil
• Rum
• Rum Ether
• Rye Extract
• Sage, Sage Oil, and Sage Oleoresin
• Salicylaldehyde
• Sandalwood Oil, Yellow
• Sclareolide
• Skatole
• Smoke Flavor
• Snakeroot Oil
• Sodium Acetate
• Sodium Benzoate
• Sodium Bicarbonate
• Sodium Carbonate
• Sodium Chloride
• Sodium Citrate
• Sodium Hydroxide
• Solanone
• Spearmint Oil
• Styrax Extract, Gum and Oil
• Sucrose Octaacetate
• Sugar Alcohols
• Sugars
• Tagetes Oil
• Tannic Acid
• Tartaric Acid
• Tea Leaf and Absolute
• alpha-Terpineol
• Terpinolene
• Terpinyl Acetate
• 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline
• 1,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-13-Oxatricyclo(8.3.0.0(4,9))Tridecane
• 2,3,4,5, and 3,4,5,6-Tetramethylethyl-Cyclohexanone
• 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine
• Thiamine Hydrochloride
• Thiazole
• 1-Threonine
• Thyme Oil, White and Red
• Thymol
• Tobacco Extracts
• Tochopherols (mixed)
• Tolu Balsam Gum and Extract
• Tolualdehydes
• para-Tolyl 3-Methylbutyrate
• para-Tolyl Acetaldehyde
• para-Tolyl Acetate
• para-Tolyl Isobutyrate
• para-Tolyl Phenylacetate
• Triacetin
• 2-Tridecanone
• 2-Tridecenal
• Triethyl Citrate
• 3,5,5-Trimethyl -1-Hexanol
• para,alpha,alpha-Trimethylbenzyl Alcohol
• 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-Enyl)But-2-En-4-One
• 2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-Ene-1,4-Dione
• 2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-Dienyl Methan
• 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-Dienyl)But-2-En-4-One
• 2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone
• 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine
• 1-Tyrosine
• delta-Undercalactone
• gamma-Undecalactone
• Undecanal
• 2-Undecanone, 1
• 0-Undecenal
• Urea
• Valencene
• Valeraldehyde
• Valerian Root Extract, Oil and Powder
• Valeric Acid
• gamma-Valerolactone
• Valine
• Vanilla Extract And Oleoresin
• Vanillin
• Veratraldehyde
• Vetiver Oil
• Vinegar
• Violet Leaf Absolute
• Walnut Hull Extract
• Water
• Wheat Extract And Flour
• Wild Cherry Bark Extract
• Wine and Wine Sherry
• Xanthan Gum
• 3,4-Xylenol
• Yeast

[dcrooksjr]

Yet more evidence of dangerous cigarette additives:

source: http://everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1231265

<h1 class="topic">Cigarette tobacco additives</h1> <a name="node_id_1231284">(thing) by vivaldi (9.2 mon) (print)
? 1 C!Wed Jan 09 2002 at 3:24:48

The following is the full and complete list of cigarette tobacco ingredients (additives) used by six major American cigarette manufacturers for the year 2000.

Additives make cigarettes more acceptable to the consumer. They make cigarettes milder and easier to inhale, improve taste, prolong burning, and shelf life. Of course, most brands only contain a small portion (5-20) of these ingredients. There are a few that contain no additives at all (notably Winston S2).

While all of these ingredients have been shown to be safe in food products by one or more regulatory bodies, there is little evidence demonstrating the safety of these additives when smoked in a cigarette. Until recently manufacturers weren't even required to list quantities or to specify which brands contained which additives.

Since 1985, the major tobacco companies have annually provided to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services a list of all ingredients added to tobacco in the manufacture of cigarettes. Health and Human Services is required to notify the U.S. Congress of any concerns it has with any ingredients on this list. This list is compiled from the year 2000 report.

A
Acetanisole, Acetic acid, Acetoin, Acetophenone, 2-Acetylpyrazine, 2-Acetylpyridine, 3-Acetylpyridine, 2-Acetylthiazole, Aconitic acid, dl-Alanine (l-Alanine), Alfalfa extract, Allspice oil (pimenta berry), Allyl Hexanoate, alpha-Methylbenzyl acetate, Ambergris tincture, Ammonium alginate, Ammonium hydroxide, Ammonium phosphate dibasic, Amyl alcohol, Amyl butyrate, Amyl formate, Amyl octanoate, alpha-Amylcinnamaldehyde, Amyris oil, trans-Anethole, Angelica root (extract and oil), Anise oil, Anisyl acetate, Anisyl alcohol, Anisyl formate, Apple juice concentrate and extract, Apricot extract, l-Arginine, Ascorbic acid, l-Aspartic acid

B
Balsam peru and oil, Bay oil, Beeswax (resinoid and absolute), Beet juice concentrate, Benzaldehyde, Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal, Benzoic acid, Benzoin (resin, resinoid, gum, and absolute), Benzophenone, Benzyl alcohol, Benzyl benzoate, Benzyl butyrate, Benzyl cinnamate, Benzyl salicylate, Bergamot oil, Bois de Rose (Peruvian) oil, Bornyl acetate, Brown sugar, Buchu leaf oil, 1,3-Butanediol, 4-(2-Butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one Butter (butter esters and butter oil), Butyl Acetate, Butyl Alcohol, Butyl Butyrate, Butyl butyryl lactate, n-Butyl isovalerate, Butyl phenylacetate, 3-Butylidenephthalide, Butyric acid

C
Camphene, Cananga oil, Caramel and caramel color, Caraway oil, Carbon, Carbon dioxide, Cardamom oleoresin (oil, extract, seed oil, and powder), Carob bean and extract, beta-Carotene, Carrot (oil and seed), Carvacrol, 4-Carvomenthenol, l-Carvone, beta-Caryophyllene oxide, beta-Caryophyllene, Cascarilla oil (and bark extract), Cassia (bark, buds, oil and extract), Cassie absolute, Castoreum (extract, tincture, liquid, and absolute), Cedar leaf oil, Cedarwood oil terpenes, Celery seed (extract, solid, oil, and oleoresin), Cellulose (and Cellulose fiber), Chamomile flower (oil and extract), Chicory extract, Chocolate, 1,8-Cineole, Cinnamaldehyde, Cinnamic acid, Cinnamon leaf (oil, bark oil, and extract), Cinnamyl acetate, Cinnamyl alcohol, Cinnamyl cinnamate, Cinnamyl isovalerate, Citral, Citric acid, Citronella oil, dl-Citronellol, Citronellyl isobutyrate, Civet absolute, Clary sage oil and extract, Cocoa (cocoa shells, extract, distillate, powder, alkalized, absolute and tincture), Coffee (and coffee solid extract), Cognac (white and green oil), Copaiba oil, Coriander (extract, oil, and seed), Corn silk, Corn syrup, Costus root oil, para-Cymene, l-Cysteine

D
Dandelion root solid extract, Davana oil, 2,4-Decadienal, delta-Decalactone, gamma-Decalactone, Decanal, Decanoic acid, Decanoic Acid, Ester with 1,2,3 - Propanetriol Octanoate (Coconut oil), Dextrin, Diacetyl, Diethyl malonate, 2,3-Diethylpyrazine, 5,7-Dihydro-2-methylthieno (3,4-d) pyrimidine, Dill oil, meta-Dimethoxybenzene, para-Dimethoxybenzene 2,6-Dimethoxyphenol, 3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione, 3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene, 4,5-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one, 6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one, 3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenoic acid, alpha,para-Dimethylbenzyl alcohol, alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate, 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine, 2,5-Dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine, delta-Dodecalactone, gamma-Dodecalactone

E
Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, Ethyl acetate, Ethyl acetoacetate, Ethyl alcohol (including Specially Denatured Alcohol SDA No. 4), Ethyl benzoate, Ethyl butyrate, Ethyl cinnamate, Ethyl decanoate, Ethyl heptanoate, Ethyl hexanoate, Ethyl isovalerate, Ethyl lactate, Ethyl laurate, Ethyl levulinate, Ethyl maltol, Ethyl methyl phenylglycidate, Ethyl myristate, Ethyl nonanoate, Ethyl octadecanoate, Ethyl octanoate, Ethyl oleate, Ethyl palmitate, Ethyl phenylacetate, Ethyl propionate, Ethyl valerate, Ethyl vanillin, Ethyl vanillin glucoside, 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol, 3-Ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-Ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine, 5-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, 2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 4-Ethylbenzaldehyde, 4-Ethylguaiacol, para-Ethylphenol, 3-Ethylpyridine

F
Farnesol, Fenchone, Fenugreek (extract, resin, and absolute), Fig juice (concentrate and extract), Food starch modified, Fructose, Furfuryl mercaptan, 4-(2-Furyl)-3-buten-2-one

G
Galbanum (oil and resinoid), Geraniol, Geranium rose and bourbon oil, Geranyl acetate, Geranyl butyrate, Geranyl formate, Ginger oil and oleoresin, Glucose/ Dextrose, l-Glutamic acid, Glycerol, Graphite, Guaiac wood oil, Guaiacol, Guar gum

H
2,4-Heptadienal gamma-Heptalactone Heptanoic acid 2-Heptanone 3-Hepten-2-one 4-Heptenal Heptyl acetate omega-6-Hexadecenlactone gamma-Hexalactone Hexanal Hexanoic acid 2-Hexen-1-ol 3-Hexen-1-ol cis-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate Hexen-2-al 3-Hexenoic acid trans-2-Hexenoic acid cis-3-Hexenyl formate Hexyl acetate Hexyl alcohol Hexyl phenylacetate High Fructose Corn Syrup Honey Hydrolyzed soy protein 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone 2-Hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenone 4-Hydroxy-3-pentenoic acid lactone 4-Hydroxybutanoic acid lactone Hydroxycitronellal 6-Hydroxydihydrotheaspirane 4-(para-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone Hydroxypropyl cellulose

I
Immortelle (absolute and extract), Invert sugar, alpha-Ionone, beta-Ionone, Isoamyl acetate, Isoamyl benzoate, Isoamyl butyrate, Isoamyl cinnamate, Isoamyl formate, Isoamyl hexanoate, Isoamyl isovalerate, Isoamyl phenylacetate, Isobutyl acetate, Isobutyl alcohol, Isobutyl cinnamate, Isobutyl phenylacetate, 2-Isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine], alpha-Isobutylphenethyl alcohol, Isobutyraldehyde, Isobutyric acid, 2-Isopropylphenol, Isovaleric acid

J
Jasmine (absolute)

K
Kola nut extract

L
Labdanum (oils, absolute), Lactic acid, Lauric acid, Lavandin oil, Lemon oil, Lemongrass oil, Levulinic acid, Licorice (root, fluid extract and powder), Lime oil (and lime oil terpeneless), Linalool, Linalool oxide, Linalyl acetate, L-Lysine, Lovage oil (and extract)

M
Mace (powder and oil), l-Malic acid, Malt (and malt extract), Maltodextrin, Maltol, Mandarin (and tangerine oil), Maple syrup, Mate (leaf, absolute, extract and oil), para-Mentha-8-thiol-3-one, Menthol and L-Menthol, Menthone, Menthyl Acetate, Menthyl Isovalerate, 2-,5-, or 6-Methoxy-3-methylpyrazine (mixture of isomers), 2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, para-Methoxybenzaldehyde, 1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one, 1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone, Methoxypyrazine, Methyl 2-furoate, Methyl 2-octynoate, Methyl 2-pyrrolyl ketone, para-Methyl anisate, Methyl anthranilate, Methyl benzoate, Methyl cinnamate, Methyl dihydrojasmonate, Methyl ester of rosin (partially hydrogenated), Methyl isovalerate, Methyl linoleate (48%) methyl linolenate (52%) mixture, Methyl phenylacetate, Methyl salicylate, Methyl sulfide, 5-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal, 6-Methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one, 1-Methyl-3-methoxy-4-isopropylbenzene, Methyl-3-methylthiopropionate, 2-Methyl-4-phenylbutyraldehyde, 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 4-Methyl-5-thiazoleethanol, 4'-Methylacetophenone, Methyl-alpha-ionone, para-Methyl-anisole, 2-Methylbutyraldehyde, 3-Methylbutyraldehyde, 2-Methylbutyric acid, alpha-Methylcinnamaldehyde, Methylcyclopentenolone, 2-Methylheptanoic acid, 2-Methylhexanoic acid, 3-Methylpentanoic acid, (Methylthio)methylpyrazine (mixture of isomers), 2-Methylpyrazine, 5-Methylquinoxaline, 3-(Methylthio)propionaldehyde, Methyl-trans-2-butenoic acid, 2-Methylvaleric acid, Mimosa absolute, Molasses (blackstrap, sugarcane and extract), Mountain maple solid extract, Myristic acid, Myrrh (oil and absolute)

N
Nerol, Neroli bigarade oil, Nerolidol, Nona-2-trans,6-cis-dienal, 2,6-Nonadien-1-ol, gamma-Nonalactone, Nonanal, Nonanoic acid, 2-Nonanone, trans-2-Nonen-1-ol, Nonyl alcohol, Nutmeg (powder and oil)

O
Oak moss absolute, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (48%) and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (52%),(mixture), delta-Octalactone, gamma-Octalactone, Octanal, Octanoic acid, 2-Octanone, 1-Octen-3-ol, 2, trans-Octenal, Octyl isobutyrate, Oleic acid, Olibanum oil, Opoponax oil, Orange leaf absolute, Orange Oil (sweet orange oils terpeneless, sour/ bitter orange oils), Orange oil and extract (Sweet, distilled orange oils and terpeneless), Origanum oil, Orris concrete (oil and root extract)

P
Palmarosa oil, Palmitic acid, Parsley seed oil, Patchouly oil and absolute, Pectin, omega-Pentadecalactone, 2,3-Pentanedione, 2-Pentanone, Pepper oil, black Peppermint (oil and peppermint oil terpeneless), Petitgrain (absolute, oil, and terpeneless oil), alpha-Phellandrene, 2-Phenethyl acetate, Phenethyl alcohol, Phenethyl butyrate, Phenethyl cinnamate, Phenethyl isobutyrate, Phenethyl isovalerate, Phenethyl phenylacetate, 3-Phenyl-1-propanol, 2-Phenyl-2-butenal, 4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one, Phenylacetaldehyde, Phenylacetic acid, l-Phenylalanine, 3-Phenylpropionaldehyde, 3-Phenylpropionic acid, 3-Phenylpropyl acetate, Phosphoric acid, Pine needle oil, Pine oil, scotch, Pineapple juice concentrate, alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene, Piperonal, Pipsissewa leaf extract, Plum juice, concentrate and extract, Potassium carbonate, Potassium sorbate, l-Proline, Propenylguaethol, Propionic acid, Propyl acetate, Propyl para-hydroxybenzoate, Propylene glycol, 3-Propylidenephthalide, Prune juice and concentrate, Pyridine, Pyroligneous acid and extract, Pyruvic acid

R
Raisin juice (concentrate and extract), l-Rhamnose, Rhodinol, Rose (absolute and oil), Rosemary (oil and extract), Rum (and rum extract), Rum ether, Rye Extract

S
Sage (oil, oleoresin, and powder), Salicylaldehyde, Sandalwood (oil, yellow), Sclareolide, Sodium benzoate, Sodium bicarbonate, Sodium carbonate, Sodium citrate, Sorbic acid, d-Sorbitol, Spearmint oil, Storax (and styrax, extract, gum, and oil), Sucrose, Sucrose octaacetate

T
Tagetes oil, l-Tartaric acid, dl-Tartaric acid, Tea extract, alpha-Terpineol, Terpinolene, alpha-Terpinyl acetate, 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline, 1,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-13-oxatricyclo (8.3.0.0(4,9)) tridecane, 2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine, Thyme oil, Thymol, Tolu balsam gum, resinoid, and extract, Tolualdehydes (ortho,meta,para), para-Tolyl 3-methylbutyrate, para-Tolyl acetate, para-Tolyl isobutyrate, para-Tolyl phenylacetate, Triacetin, 2-Tridecanone, Triethyl citrate, 3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol, 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)but-2-en-4-one, 2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione, 4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)but-2-en-4-one, 2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone, 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine

U
delta-Undecalactone, gamma-Undecalactone, 2-Undecanone, Urea

V
Valeraldehyde, Valerian root (extract, oil and powder), Valeric acid, gamma-Valerolactone, l-Valine, Vanilla extract and oleresin, Vanillin, Veratraldehyde, Vetiver oil, Violet leaf absolute

W
Walnut hull extract, Water, Wheat absolute, Wine and wine sherry

Y
Ylang ylang oil

[Sonthert]

At least half of those on that list are listed by the FDA as GRAS, Generally Recognized as safe. They would be things found in natural plants and not that dangerous or dangerous at all. After all..what are fruits and foods made up of? Chemicals. Just because they are chemicals doesn't make them dangerous. Ascorbic Acid is Vitamin C, Acetic Acid is Vinegar, Alanine is an amino acid in all of our proteins in our body. Alfalfa Extract doesn't sound particularly dangerous...as long as alfalfa isn't. Ammonia definitely is. Its what cigarette manufacturers use to make their cigarettes more addictive, its called ammonia chemistry. It makes the lungs more receptive to nicotine or some such thing. Allyl Hexanoate is an ester, I think its GRAS.

A
Acetanisole, (?)
Acetic acid, GRAS
Acetoin, (?)
Acetophenone, GRAS (?)
2-Acetylpyrazine, (Pyrazines aren't generally safe)
2-Acetylpyridine, 3-Acetylpyridine, (Nor are pyridines)
2-Acetylthiazole, (?)
Aconitic acid, (Sounds familiar...GRAS?)
dl-Alanine (l-Alanine), (GRAS)
Alfalfa extract, (GRAS)
Allspice oil (pimenta berry), (GRAS)
Allyl Hexanoate, (GRAS?)
alpha-Methylbenzyl acetate,
Ambergris tincture, (Sperm whale's throw this stuff up...usually used in perfumery...probably GRAS since it came from another mammal, but not commonly used due to embargo on whale products.)
Ammonium alginate, (?)
Ammonium hydroxide, (fancy name for ammonia in water)
Ammonium phosphate dibasic, (More ammonia crapola)
Amyl alcohol, Amyl butyrate, Amyl formate, Amyl octanoate, (I think these are all GRAS)
alpha-Amylcinnamaldehyde, (Cinnamon derivative, I believe, GRAS)
Amyris oil, (?)
trans-Anethole,
Angelica root (extract and oil), (GRAS)
Anise oil, (GRAS)
Anisyl acetate, Anisyl alcohol, Anisyl formate, (Anise derivatives, GRAS)
Apple juice concentrate and extract, Apricot extract, (GRAS)
l-Arginine, (Another amino acid)
Ascorbic acid, (GRAS, aka Vitamin C)
l-Aspartic acid (Another Amino Acid)

Aside from ammonia and ammonia products, most of this stuff is pretty harmless, from what I know with 70+% certainty. I'll look it up in a book.

[Akkbar]

The way I see it, if the government comes out with studies saying that smoking is bad, and they keep pushing the issue on us, eventually all the sheeple will not want tobacco products around. What do you think smoking bans are for? It's all about the money a government can save by cutting down on lung cancer. And that might sound good, but to get there, you have to infringe on peoples right to smoke if they want. Maybe in the U.S. you dont feel the effects yet, but up here in canada, its hard and expensive to get tobacco. Why? Because someone doesn't want us to smoke!

And what's next; liquor maybe? How much time, money, and effort does the government spend settling drunk driver cases, subsidising AA meetings, treating and researching liver disease, etc.? Bottom line is this: the less money they have to spend on us, the more money a) is available to spend towards the deficit, pay themselves, and c) pay for 'necessities', like their own private jets they use 50 times a year

Is there such a thing as an unbiased study?

[anathema]

akkbar you realize that the health insurance in the united states is completely different than canada's. plus i'd think from all the money the government makes from tobacco and alcohol taxes are more than the cost of supplying healthcare to it's citizens. 4 dollars a pack here in california, tax is $0.87, don't know what proportions go to state/federal.

biased studies can be true with enough evidence.

[dcrooksjr]

Yes they may be GRAS but when you take a substance lets say wood its completely safe but once lit on fire its properties change and in a closed room could be leathal and I see some things on that list that are not natural. Since when is ammonia natural. A another thing is I DO NOT TRUST THE FDA. They appove Splenda even though it made from clorine, wonderful strawberry syrup tastes great but is literally cancer in a bottle. It takes 50 chemicals to make it 25 of witch are know to caue cancer. Remember just because we are told it is natural doesn't mean that it is, those things in cigarettes where most likely made in a lab and are based on their natural conterparts.

[mgcsinc]

I have a simple question why am I not addicted to my hookah? Fact is and I'll try to find it on the web again to prove it is that hookah tobacco is in an unprocessed almost natural state. Hookah tobacco contains natural nicotine.
They pick the tobacco
Add molasses
Add flavor and glycerine.
With cigerettes they take the tobacco put it in a giant vat along with tobacco from out of date cigs and pump in up to 1,500 chemicals many of witch are not public knowledge. I have the beleif that they also add extra synthetic nicotine into the tobacoo to make cigarettes addictive on purpose. There is on average 250mg of nicotine in one cigarette depending on brand. My 250g can on Pharoah's cherry says 0.5% nicotine, now I don't know if that is per gram or for the whole can but what I do know it is less than one cigarette.
I love my hookah and my cigars I hate cigarettes and think they should be outlawed. Hookah while yes it still is tobacco its almost 90% natural, from the field to you.

Remember moderation is the absolute key.

Enjoy

The comparisons of actual nicotine content in tobacco is moot. Hookah is smoked completely differently from cigarettes, and thus it's capacity to deliver nicotine is different. As I mentioned earlier, nicotine levels in the blood of someone who has smoked hookah reach considerably higher levels than in the blood of someone who has smoked two cigarettes. The reason behind you not being addicted is complex and has to do with the way addiction initiation occurs in the brain - it's not because (standard) shisha has less nicotine than cigarettes.

[mgcsinc]

At least half of those on that list are listed by the FDA as GRAS, Generally Recognized as safe. They would be things found in natural plants and not that dangerous or dangerous at all. After all..what are fruits and foods made up of? Chemicals. Just because they are chemicals doesn't make them dangerous. Ascorbic Acid is Vitamin C, Acetic Acid is Vinegar, Alanine is an amino acid in all of our proteins in our body. Alfalfa Extract doesn't sound particularly dangerous...as long as alfalfa isn't. Ammonia definitely is. Its what cigarette manufacturers use to make their cigarettes more addictive, its called ammonia chemistry. It makes the lungs more receptive to nicotine or some such thing. Allyl Hexanoate is an ester, I think its GRAS.

Thanks, Sonthert, for pushing a more rational approach to things. People are so afraid of chemical names.

The additives in cigarettes are bad for you, but they are a red herring. People can refuse to admit that much of the danger in cigarettes comes independently of any additives, but they're deluding themselves.

[mgcsinc]

They appove Splenda even though it made from clorine [sic], wonderful strawberry syrup tastes great but is literally cancer in a bottle.

Interesting, I know of something else made from chlorine. I eat it every day and I have an entire part of my sense of taste devoted to it. Hmm...

Also, Cl- ions run my brain, and probably yours too.

"Ohhhhh, but wait! the Cl in splenda is covalently bonded! That makes it evil!" - people have been watching too many late night infomercials with that health food guy.